Ⅱ.短语检测
1．缺乏信心 lack confidence 2．把目光从……移开 look away from 3．对……小心 be cautious about 4．振作起来 cheer up 5．劝阻某人不做某事 discourage sb. from doing sth
6．查明；了解(到) find out 7．因此，结果 as a consequence 8．长胖 put on weight 9．经历，遭受 go through 10．说错话，犯使某人难堪的错误 put one’s foot in one’s mouth
11．拜访 call by 12．带头，领先 take the lead 13．意识到…… (be) aware of 14．本不需要做某事 needn’t have done sth. 15．炫耀 show off Ⅲ.佳句再现
1．In fact, she had never learnt the basic rules of social communication, and _______________ , she made systematic mistakes _________ she opened her mouth.
实际上，她从来就没有认识到社交的基本规则，因此每次张嘴说话都会犯经常性的错误。 2．This morning ________________________ , so I stayed in bed until 9 am. 今天早上我没必要早起，所以就一直睡到上午9点。
3．The railway station is not far from here，so you _______________ in such a hurry then. 火车站离这儿不远，因此当时你没有必要匆匆忙忙的。
4．Parents should ___________________________________ .做父母的应该劝子女不要吸烟。 5. ________________________ two strangers are talking to each other after someone they both know has left the room, or the café or party, etc.
设想这样一种情形，在咖啡馆或聚会等场合，双方都认识的人离开了房间，两个陌生人开始交谈。
词汇学习
1 lack v．(to be without) 缺乏，缺少，不足 n．缺乏，无，不足
(1) lacking adj. be lacking in… (2) a lack of ___ lack of…
缺乏的，不足的 缺乏，缺少…… 欠缺；不足 因为缺乏……
【易错警示】
在使用lack时，容易把动词和名词混淆，最典型的错误是 在动词lack后加of。如： We lack of ideas.(×) We lack ideas.(√)
We are lacking in ideas.(√) We have a lack of ideas.(√) 【活学活用】
(1) I tell you, people will ____ the means to live.我告诉你，人们将缺乏生活资料。
(2) Her decision seems to show _________ political judgment.她的决定似乎显示出缺乏政治判断力。
(3) __________________ money, they had to give up the project.由于缺乏资金，他们不得不放弃了这个项目。
2 advance adj.预先的 n．[C]前进；发展，进展 v．(to move forward) 前进；进步；推动； 提出
(1) (3)
advanced adj. 先进的；高级的 (2) in advance
预先；提前
advance planning/warning/booking 预先计划/事前警告/预订
【活学活用】
1．根据汉语意思完成句子
(1)There have been great _________ in technology in recent years.在近几年，科技方面已经取得了极大的进步。
(2)The airline suggests booking tickets a month_________.航空公司建议提前一个月订票。 (3)They ____________ 20 miles by nightfall.夜幕降临时，他们已经前进了20英里。 2．单项填空
In some cases, your instructor may tell you the topics ________ or may give you a choice of topics to write about. A．in advance B．ahead of C．above all D．right away 【解析】 A 根据句意“在有些情况下，你的导师会提前告诉你主题或给你机会选择要写的主题。”及句式结构，可知此处应选A。 3 certain pron.某些 adj.(sure) 确定；确信，肯定
(1) (2)
for certain/sure make certain/sure that…
肯定；确定；无疑 弄清楚
make certain/sure of sth./doing sth.确保(做)某事 be certain/sure ________ …对……有把握；确信 be certain/sure to do sth. 一定做某事 It is certain(不能用sure) that…肯定……
【温馨提示】
certain表示“某些，某个”时，所修饰的名词可以有单复数变
化，但是some表示这一意义时后面的名词是单数可数名词。如：for (a) certain reason(s)/for some reason。 【活学活用】
(1)There are ________ I just can’t discuss with my mother.有些事情我是不能和妈妈讨论的。 (2)I can’t say ______________ when he will arrive.我说不准他什么时候会来。 (3)__________ that they will agree.＝They are ______________ agree.他们一定会同意。 4 absence n．(failure to be present) 缺席，不在；缺乏，不存在
(1)
absent adj. 缺席的；缺乏的；不存在的；心不在焉的 be absent _____
缺席；不在；缺乏
(2)
absentminded absence from
心不在焉的；健忘的
缺席；离开；不在某处 由于缺乏
during/in one’s absence在某人不在的时候
in the absence of
【活学活用】 放了梅尔斯。
(1) _________________ any evidence, the police had to let Myers go.由于缺乏证据，警察只好(2) His repeated absence from school is worrying.＝He is frequently ___________ school, which is worrying.他一再缺课使人担忧。
(3) ____________________ you will be in charge.我不在的时候， 由你负责。
短语学习：
1 leave out 省去，删去；遗漏，漏掉；不包括；不涉及
be/feel left out (觉得) 被忽视，被冷落 leave sb. alone 让某人单独呆着 leave aside 不予考虑；搁置一边 leave off 停止；中断 leave…behind 忘了带；遗忘；把……抛在 【活学活用】
选择方框中短语的适当形式填空 leave out， leave behind， leave off (1) This word is wrongly spelt; you have _________ a letter. (2) Britain is being ___________ in the race for new markets. (3) Start reading from where you ________ last time.
(4) He hadn’t been asked to take part in the party and was feeling very ________ .
2 show off 炫耀
show sb. around 领某人参观 show up 出现；露面；显现出来 【活学活用】
(1)We were ______________ the school by one of the students. (2)He likes to ________ how well he speaks French. (3)It was getting late when she finally _________ .
句型学习
while除具有“当时”，“同时”等意义外，根据上下文还有不同含 义及其不同译法。【活学活用】
根据语境判断下列句中while的含义
(1)We must work hard to gain more knowledge while we are young. _________________ (2)While I believe it is true，I cannot prove it. ____________
(3)Schools in the north tend to be better equipped, while those in the south are relatively poor. ______
(4)We know usually women stay at home and do all the housework while men go out to work. __________
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．What is the real reason for you’re a________ (不在)?
后面；(永久地)离开
2．The bank is very c_______ about lending money. 3．The teacher must have the _______(预先的) teaching plan. 4．Oh，grow up! Behave in a more m_____ way.
5．If you want to apply for the job，please fill in the a__________ form.
Ⅱ.选词填空
call by， put on weight， be cautious about， as a consequence of， show off 1. _________________ smoking, my father coughs frequently. 2．Those boys always _________ their sports skills to the girls. 3．If you are in at six this evening, I’ll ________ and pick up my books. 4．Too many sweet foods may make you ____________ . 5．People might ________________ believing this statement. Ⅲ.单项填空
1．[2010·福建卷] More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities ________ space.
A．in search of
B．in place of
C．for lack of D．for fear of
【解析】 C 本题考查介词短语辨析。句意为：因为缺少空间，城市中已经建造了
越来越多的高层建筑。in search of寻找；in place of代替，替代；for lack of因为缺乏；for fear of担心，害怕。
2．—Believe it or not，last month in America I came across the girl whose photo was in the drift bottle I had got three years before! —Really? That's the most surprising ________ I've ever heard of! A．acquaintance B．coincidence
C．viewpoint
D．procedure
【解析】 B 本题考查名词辨析。由语境可知，第一句话叙述的事情是非常巧合
的，由此可以判断应该选择coincidence(巧合的事)。acquaintance熟人；viewpoint观点；procedure程序，步骤。
3．She was so sad because she failed in the math test. Let's ________ her ________.
A．leave; behind
B．leave; alone
C．leave; aside D．leave; out
【解析】 B 本题考查动词短语辨析。leave sb. alone意为“让某人单独静一静”。
A项意为“把……抛在后面”；C项意为“不予考虑”；D项意为“省略，删去，不包括，不提及”。
4．Tim wanted to know the telephone number of the girl he loved at first sight, but nobody told him, so he had to ________ for himself. A．look for B．research
C．examine
D．find out
【解析】 D find out多指(经过努力后)“找出，发现”。look for意为“寻找”，后
应接宾语；research意为“调查，研究”；examine意为“检查”。
5．It is one of the funniest things ________ on the Internet so far this year.
A．finding
B．being found
C．to find D．found
【解析】 D 本题考查非谓语动词。句意为：到目前为止，这是今年在网络上所能
发现的最有趣的事情之一。根据句子中so far这个时间状语及find与things之间是动宾的关系，可知，空格处用动词的过去分词作定语。B项表示正在进行中的被动动作，A项和C项都表示主动的动作。
6．Anyone who has spent time with children ________ the difference in the way boys and girls respond to similar situations. A．aware of B．is aware of
C．aware
D．is aware
【解析】 B 本题考查固定搭配。根据句意“任何和孩子们在一起(度过一段时光)
的人都会注意到对于相同情景男孩与女孩的不同反应。”aware是形容词，表示“意识到”要用于be aware of结构。
7．He isn't a reliable man. Under no ________ should you lend him any money.
A．circumstances C．cases
B．states
D．situations
【解析】 A 本题考查名词辨析。句意为：他很不可靠，你无论如何都不该把钱借给他。under no circumstances为固定短语，意为“决不，无论如何都不”，符合题意。其他三项不与under搭配。in a…state处于……状态；in no case决不；in a…situation处于……境地或局面。
8．I don’t think it’s wise of you to ________ your greater knowledge in front of the director, for it may offend him. A．show up B．show out
C．show in
D．show off
【解析】 D 本题考查动词短语辨析。根据句意“我认为你在导演面前炫耀比他的
知识丰富是不明智的，因为那可能冒犯到他。”show off意思“炫耀”。 9．Time after time she was warned of the ________ of her actions.
A．effects
B．causes
D．consequences
C．importance
解析】 D 从warn一词可知，D为最佳答案。句意为：(人们)不时地警告她行为的后果。 10．I’m very ________ about expressing my opinions in public in case I may make mistakes.
A．cautious
B．confusedC．delighted
D．enthusiastic
【解析】 A 本题考查形容词辨析。 cautious小心的，谨慎的。句意为： 为了防止犯错误，我在公开场合下表达自己的观点非常谨慎。confused困惑的；delighted高兴的；enthusiastic热情的。
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