小学英语阅读理解一般分选择填空、判断、回答问题、完形填空四类。 ①做任何阅读理解首先要通读全文，弄懂句意，千万不得马虎。
②做好选择填空最好用排除法，首先排除语法、词法上的错误，再根据短文内容逐一排除每一个选项。
在排除每一个选项的过程中要细心，要明白排除每一项的原因，如果有几项看似都对，那就要考虑生活实际，排除不符合的。
如果实在排除不了其它选项，先要考虑自己有没有看错短文中的细节，只要题目不错，肯定有正确答案的。
③做判断题更加需要细心，先要明白需要判断的语句主要讲的意思，然后再在文中找与此相关的语句，逐一对比，一旦发现哪有明显的不同，立刻做标记（×）。
④回答问题要怎么问，怎么答，尽量用原文的句子回答，不要把单词抄错，回答后也要通读一遍，检查是否与原文相符，有没有语法、词法上的错误。
⑤完形填空也要用排除法，如果出现一个单词的多种形态，要利用语法常识逐一排除；出现几个意义相近的单词，要考虑每个单词的用法；
若出现几个不同意义的单词，就考虑每个单词放在文中是否合理。
二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解根据短文，判断下列正确与否
It is Sunday afternoon. Liu Tao and his friend David are taking a walk in the park. There are many public signs in the park. They mean different things. Liu Tao knows a lot of things about them. Suddenly, they see a short man walking on the grass. Liu Tao points to the sign on the grass and says to him, “Sir, look at the sign! You can't walk on the grass.” The man smiles and says, “You are right, young man. But I'm the park keeper. I'm looking after the grass. I'm picking up the garbage on it.
（1）It is Sunday afternoon.
（2）The boys can see many public signs in the park. （3）The man is very angry when Liu Tao says to him. （4）The park keeper just wants take a walk on the grass. （5）“Garbage” in Chinese means “ ________”
A. 草地 B. 垃圾 C. 标志 【答案】（1）1 （2）1 （3）0 （4）0 （5）B
【解析】【分析】大意：在星期日下午。刘涛和戴维正在公园散步看到许多公共标志，他们看到一个人在草地上散步，那人是公园管理员的故事。
（1）句意：现在是星期日下午。根据It is Sunday afternoon. 可知是星期日下午，故答案为正确。
（2）句意：男孩们能在公园里看到许多公共标志。根据Liu Tao and his friend David are taking a walk in the park. There are many public signs in the park.可知男孩们在公园里看到许多公共标志，故答案为正确。
（3）句意：刘涛对他说，那人非常生气。根据The man smiles and says, “You are right, young man. 可知刘涛对那人说，那人没有生气而是笑了，故答案为错误。
（4）句意：公园管理员只想在草地上散步。根据I'm the park keeper. I'm looking after the grass.可知那人是公园管理员，在照看草坪，故答案为错误。 （5）“Garbage”是垃圾的意思，故答案为B.
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。
3．阅读理解(B) 判断正误。 It was National Day last Sunday. And it was also Tom's birthday. He had a party at home. His friends came and they all give presents to him. They sang and danced. They were very happy. Tom's parents gave him a model ship. After lunch, they went to a park. They played games there. They went home at 4 o'clock. After dinner, they went to the supermarket. Tom bought （买）a VCD of Japanese cartoons. He was very happy. （1）Tom's birthday was on National Day. （2）Tom had a birthday party last Sunday. （3）They played games at the party.
（4）The model ship was a present from Tom's uncle. （5）Tom was happy last Sunday. 【答案】（1）1 （2）1 （3）0 （4）0 （5）1
【解析】【分析】该短文主要国庆节那天，也是汤姆的生日，他的朋友们为他庆祝生日的事情。
（1）细节阅读，根据It was National Day last Sunday. And it was also Tom's birthday. 得知国庆节那天，也是汤姆的生日，故答案为：正确。
（2）细节阅读，根据句子He had a party at home. 得知举行了一个生日派对，故答案为：正确。
（3）细节阅读，根据句子They sang and danced. 得知他们唱歌跳舞，而不是做游戏，故答案为：错误。
（4）细节阅读，根据句子Tom's parents gave him a model ship. 得知他父母给他的飞机模型。而不是他叔叔，故答案为：错误。
（5）细节阅读，根据句子He was very happy.得知他很高兴。故答案为：正确。
【点评】此题目要求快速阅读文章，把握内容、了解大意，然后细致阅读，抓住主要内容和细节，标出关键词，然后做出选择，完成题目。
4．阅读理解阅读短文，给图片排序。 Tomorrow is June first. It's Children's Day. I am going to have a happy holiday. I am going to go to the library and read books. I am going to go to the park and take pictures with my friends. I am going to play computer games with my brother. I am going to help my mother make dinner. I am going to go shopping with my mother.
________
________
________
________
________
【答案】5；4；3；1；2
【解析】【分析】这是道题目叙述了作者六一儿童节那天的活动.
（1）根据短文叙述活动的顺序是go to the library and read books.（去图书馆看书）对应图4，故图片4排序为1。
（2）go to the park and take pictures（去公园照相）对应图5，故图片5排序为2。 （3）play computer games（玩电脑）对应图3，故图片3排序为3。
（4）help my mother make dinner（帮助妈妈做晚饭）对应图2，故图片2排序为4。 （5）go shopping with my mother（和妈妈去购物）对应图1，故图片1排序为5。 【点评】考查图片排序，首先识别图片内容，其次根据文中句子与图片相匹配，判断顺序。
5．阅读理解任务型阅读
The bird and the tree are friends．The bird often sings songs in the tree．Autumn comes．The bird has to fly to the south．Spring comes.The bird comes back，but she can’t see the tree．Grass tell her some workers cut the tree down and took him to a factory．Then the bird flies to the factory．The workers told her they cut the tree into wood．They used the wood to make matches．Then they took the matches to a village．The bird flies to the village and sees a girl used the last match to make the fire．The bird sings a sad song to the fire．
（1）根据短文将图片排序。
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ （2）判断对错：The bird and the tree aren't friends． （3）判断对错：In spring the bird flies away．
（4）判断对错：Workers cut the tree down and took him to the factory．
（5）判断对错：The bird is happy，because workers cut the tree into wood，and used it to make matches．
【答案】（1）1；3；2；5；4；6 （2）0 （3）0 （4）1 （5）0
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍鸟儿和树是好朋友，然而当小鸟飞回来的时候，小草告诉她树都被砍伐了，小鸟很悲伤。
（1）结合文章内容和图片，顺序应该是1；3；2；5；4；6。
（2）细节阅读，根据句子 The bird and the tree are friends.得知小鸟和树是好朋友，故答案为：错误.
（3）细节阅读，根据句子Spring comes.The bird comes back.得知春天小鸟飞回来不是飞走，故答案为：错误.
（4）细节阅读，根据句子Grass tell her some workers cut the tree down and took him to a factory.得知工人们砍伐树并且带到工厂，故答案为：正确。
（5）细节阅读，根据The bird sings a sad song to the fire．这两个句子得知小鸟很伤心，故答案为：错误
【点评】考查对篇章的把握和细节的辨别能力。答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确回答。
6．阅读理解阅读下列短文，回答问题
The Earth means many things to the people who live on it．A farmer thinks Earth is soil for growing vegetables and fruit．A person who makes roads thinks Earth is mountains of hard rock．A sailor thinks Earth is water as far as the eyes can see．The Earth is a big ball covered
with water，rock and soil．The Earth is a planet．There are nine planets around the sun．Animals and plants live almost everywhere on the Earth．They can live on the Earth because it is not too far from the sun，or too close to the sun．Living things need the sun．The sun keeps them warm．
（1）What does a farmer think Earth is?
（2）What does a person who makes roads think Earth is? （3）What is on the Earth?
【答案】（1）A farmer thinks Earth is soil for growing vegetables and fruit． （2）A person who makes roads thinks Earth is mountains of hard rock． （3）Animals and plants live almost everywhere on the Earth．
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了生活在地球上的人们对地球的认识，同时介绍了地球是一个卫星。动植物都能在上面生长。
（1）句意：农民认为地球是什么样子的？细节阅读，A farmer thinks Earth is soil for growing vegetables and fruit．该句子就是农民对地球的认识，故答案为：A farmer thinks Earth is soil for growing vegetables and fruit.
（2）句意：铺路的人认为地球是什么样子的？细节阅读，A person who makes roads thinks Earth is mountains of hard rock.就是答案，故答案为：A person who makes roads thinks Earth is mountains of hard rock.
（3）句意：地球上有什么？细节阅读，Animals and plants live almost everywhere on the Earth.就是答案，故答案为：No, he isn't.
【点评】考查对篇章的把握和细节的辨别能力。答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确回答。
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