高考英语动词专项训练及答案及解析
一、单项选择动词
1.The event that _________ in my memory happened one morning in 1983 when I was 14 years old. It has never escaped.
A.stood out B.stands out
C.would stand out D.has stood out
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意:在我的记忆中最突出的事件发生在1983年的一个早晨,当时我14岁。它从未逃出过我的记忆。此处指目前的一种客观事实,所以要用一般现在时态,故选B。
2.When you’re done, throw it all away and _______ your new assignment.
A.break into B.turn into
C.dive into D.fit into
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. break into闯入;B. turn into变成;C. dive into钻研、投入;D. fit into符合、适应。句意:当你完成的时候,将它抛开,投入到你的新任务中去。根据句意可知此处表示“全心投入”,故C项正确。
3.Although the long sentence and difficult structures in this novel have been ______, it still keeps much of the charm and favor of the original.
A.occupied B.polished
C.simplified D.recited
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然这部小说的长句和难句结构被简化了,但仍然保留了原著的许多魅力和偏爱。A. occupied 占用 B. polished 修改 C. simplified简化 D. recited 背诵。根据句意可知,选C。
4.The doctor said jokingly that his own infection of the virus _____ the discovery of a vaccine (疫苗)of the disease.
A.stood for B.called for
C.paid for D.contributed to
【答案】D
【解析】
短语辨析。A.代表 B. 呼吁 C. 为……付出代价 D.导致。句意:医生开玩笑的说,他自己被病毒的感染导致发现了这种病毒的疫苗。故选D。
5.—Do you know why the teacher asks for me?
—He wants you to ________ your absence last night.
A.account for B.call for
C.send for D.reach for
【答案】A
【解析】
答句句意:他想让你解释一下昨晚缺席的原因。account for表示“解释;说明”,符合语意。后三项分别表示“要求”、“派人去请”、“伸手去拿”,都不符合语意。
6.—You’ve made great progress in your English study, haven’t you?
—Yes, but much .
A.remains to do B.is remained to do
C.remains to be done D.is remained to be done
【答案】C
【解析】
考查remain的用法。remain是不及物动词,故排除B、D,根据意思,很多事情有待于被解决,故选C。
7.A long road tests a horse’s strength and a long-term task ________ a man’s heart.
A.proves B.will prove C.is proving D.has proved
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:考查动词时态。句意:路遥知马力,日久见人心。这是一条谚语,故用一般现在时态,故选A。
考点:考查动词时态
8.--- As we know, taking positive attitudes towards life is beneficial to our body and mind.
--- You can say that again. Struggle not to let negative ideas .
A.take over B.take off
C.take on D.take up
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:---众所周知,对生活采取积极的态度有利于我们的身心健康。---你可以再说一遍。努力不要让消极的想法控制你。A. take over接管,控制;B. take off起飞;C. take on呈现;D. take up占据。由句意可知,努力不要让消极的想法控制你。故take over符合题意。故A选项正确。
9.As most parents know by now, we should _________ our kids’ screen time
or they will become couch potatoes who tend to be lazy.
A.assess B.limit
C.arrange D.apply
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:就像很多家长知道的那样,我们应该限制孩子看电视的时间,不然他们会变成很懒的电视迷。A. assess评估;B. limit限制;C. arrange安排;D. apply应用。根据句意可知,是限制看电视的时间,故选B项。
10.One of the best ways to show confidence is to do it slowly, instead of rushing it. Nervous people rush things to their nervousness.
A.ignore B.mask
C.govern D.modify
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词辨析。句意: 展示自信的最好方法之一是慢慢来,而不是操之过急。紧张的人会匆忙做事来掩饰他们的紧张。A. ignore忽略;B. mask掩饰;C. govern统治;D. modify修饰。mask为动词,是掩饰的意思,符合句意。故B选项正确。
11.In modern times,people have to learn to all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable life.
A.keep with B.stay with
C.meet with D.live with
【答案】D
【解析】
live with和put up with类似,在此意为“忍受”。句意:在现代社会,人们尽管过着舒适的生活,但他们还得学会忍受各种各样的压力。
12.224. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _____ behind his back.
A.being mopped B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:那个谋杀犯被带了进来,手被捆在背后。with的宾语his hands与动词tie构成被动的关系,故使用过去分词。故选D。
13.Briggs will ________ as general manager when Mitchell retires.
A.get away B.take over
C.set off D.run out
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:当米切尔退休的时候,布里格斯将接管总经理的位置。when Mitchell retires 这是时间状语从句,不能用将来时,而用一般现在时来代替;get away离开; take over接管;set off出发;run out用完,耗尽。根据句意故选B。
考点:考查动词短语辨析。
14.-----It’s a pity that Nelson Mandela passed away.
------ But he will __________ in the memories of people worldwide.
A.live on B.stay on C.go on D.put on
【答案】A
【解析】A考查动词短语。句意:--很遗憾,纳尔逊曼德拉去世了。--但他将继续留在世界各地的人们的记忆中。A以…为生,靠…为食;B继续停留;C继续;D穿上。故选A。
点睛:要学会总结动词短语的规律,以便在英语学习中达到汉语中‘识字不识字,先识半个字’的境界。具体: 1.在每个部分找出自己最熟悉或者最理解的短语,并根据该短语助记总体意思;2.熟记动词本身所具有的全部意思;3.重点根据小品词在该项中的总体意思结合动词本身的意思,理解自己最不理解和不熟悉的短语4.脱离汉语,只看英语动词短语,并放到具体句子和场景中认识动词短语5.注意有些短语意义很接近, 这要结合例句和上下文掌握它们的用法
15.100.----I have been watching “I am a singer” and Gloria Tang (邓紫棋) is my favorite star.
----- Me, too. Her new album is said to be ______ next month. By then, we , fans, will buy some.
A.relieved B.delivered C.produced D.released
【答案】D
【解析】D考查动词。句意:--我一直在看“我是一个歌手”而且邓紫棋是我最喜欢
的明星。--我也是。她的新专辑将于下月发行。到那时,我们的粉丝们会买一些。A减轻,解除;B递送;C产生,制造;D发行,发布。故选D。
16.After several days of heavy rain the roof ______ with a loud noise, crashing onto the ground.
A.came out B.came down C.came on D.came up
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语。A. came out出现,出版,结果是;B. came down下来,掉落;C. came on 快点,要求;D. came up走近,发生。句意:经过几天的大雨,屋顶下了一声巨响,坍塌在地。此处指屋顶掉落,故选B.
17.It's strange that some fundamental professions in our society rarely receive the respect or acknowledgement they ________.
A.match B.accept C.reserve D.deserve
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:考查动词。A. match匹配;B. accept接受;C. reserve保留,预约;D. deserve应得,值得。句意:奇怪的是,在我们的社会中一些基本的职业很少受到应得的尊重和认可。根据句意可知选D。
考点:考查动词
18.If she doesn’t want to go, nothing you can say will ________ her.
A.persuade B.promise C.invite D.support
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果她不想去,你说什么也说服不了她。A. persuade说服;B. promise答应;C. invite邀请;D. support支持。根据if引导条件状语从句,If she doesn't want to go如果她不想去,可知,这里用persuade,表示“说服,劝服”之意。故选A。
19.His food ______, the man had to come out of his hiding place.
A.run out B.was run out
C.running out D.using up
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语和现在分词的独立主格结构。句意:食物快吃完了,那人不得不从藏身之处出来。动词短语:run out“用完,耗尽”,相当于不及物动词;use up“用完,耗尽”,相当于及物动词。分析句子结构,这里既不是并列句也不是从句,此处His food和run out之间是主动关系,是现在分词的独立主格结构,如果用use up,则必须用过去分词used up的形式。故选C。
20.My mother’s health ______ under the pressure of a big project and she had to see the doctor.
A.broke up down
B.broke away C.broke out D.broke
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:我母亲在一个大项目的压力下身体垮了,不得不去看医生。A. broke up分手,打碎;B. broke away脱离,放弃;C. broke out爆发;D. broke down打破,出故障,精神拖垮。根据under the pressure可知,此处指“精神拖垮”。故选D。
21.You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t ______as you expect.
A.run out B.work out C.break out D.put out
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:你不可能能预测一切事情,事情经常不会像你预料的那样发展。A. run out用完;B. work out发展,计算出;C. break out爆发;D. put out熄灭,出版。work out“发展,计算出”符合句意。故选B。
22.The responsibility of an artist is to create artworks to _____ people's needs for aesthesis and enjoyment.
A.result in B.serve for C.work at D.cater to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:一个艺术家的责任是去创造艺术作品以迎合人们的审美和享受的需要。A. result in导致;B. serve for为......服务;C. work at从事于;D. cater to设法迎合(......的需要)。创造艺术作品的目的是为了迎合人们的审美和享受的需
要。所以 cater to“设法迎合(......的需要)”符合句意。故选D项。
23.If you have any doubts about your health, you’d better______ your doctor at once.
A.convince B.consult
C.avoid D.affect
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你对你的健康有任何疑问,你最好立刻向你的医生咨询。A. convince 说服;B. consult咨询; C. avoid 避免;D. affect影响。健康有问题应该咨询医生。故选B。
24.Despite the heavy snow outside yesterday, everybody in the company ________ their daily tasks as usual.
A.brought about B.worried about C.cared about D.went about
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词词组。A. brought about 带来; B. worried about 担忧; C. cared about关心; D. went about四处走动。句意:尽管昨天外面下了一场大雪,公司里的每个人还是照常工作。结合句意可知答案为D。
25.Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it ____.
A.collected B.contained C.loaded D.saved
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:小强尼摸了摸那口袋,很想知道包里面装的是什么。A. collect收集;B. contain包含,容纳;C. load装载;D. save节约,节省。由“Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know ”可知,小强尼想知道包里面装的是什么,所以contained“ 包含,容纳”符合句意。故选B项。
26.Forty years after China started its reform and opening﹣up, more than
18million rural residents have _________ poverty in South China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
A.shaken off B.taken off
C.paid off D.kicked off
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. shaken off摆脱;B. taken off脱下;C. paid off付清;D. kicked off开赛。句意:改革开放40年来,广西壮族自治区有1800多万农村人口脱贫。根据句意可知此处表示“摆脱”,故A项正确。
27.The shopkeeper wanted to sell me the dress for 30 dollars, and I wanted to pay 20 dollars for it, so we ________ on 25 dollars.
A.communicated
B.compromised C.bargained
D.concentrated
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:店主想以30美元的价格把那件衣服卖给我,而我想付20美元,所以我们折中了25美元。A. communicated交流;B. compromised妥协,折中;C. bargained讨价还价;D. concentrated集中。结合句意故选B。
28.Don’t be _______ by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.
A.taken off B.taken out
C.taken away D.taken in
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:不要被那些承诺能让你快速减肥的产品所欺骗。take in 意为“欺骗”,表示“不要受许诺很快减肥的产品的欺骗”。take off意为“拿掉,取消,脱衣”;take out意为“拿出,取出,去掉,出发”;take away意为“取走”。根据题意,故选D。
29.You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways, _______ the situation they are in.
A.bringing about B.depending on
C.getting into D.leading to
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:考查动词短语。句意:你可能会发现人们会用不同的方式表达相同的观点,这主要取决于他们所处的情景。A. bringing about带来;B. depending on取决;C. getting into进入;D. leading to导致;根据情景和词义,故选B项。
考点:考查动词短语
30.Whenever I ______an interesting article online, I will share it with friends on WeChat.
A.figure out B.put forward
C.get across D.come across
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:每当我在网上遇到有趣的文章时,我会与微信上的朋友分享。A. figure out找出;B. put forward提出;C. get across跨越;D. come across偶然遇到。分享文章通常是先遇到好文章再分享,没必要特意找好文来分享,所以A错,B、C选项明显和句意不搭,故选D。
31.Whenever I feel lonely or upset, I always do some reading, which _________ me well.
A.serves B.suits C.favors D.motivates
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词辨析。句意:每当我感到孤独或沮丧时,我总是读些书,这对我很有好处。A. serves对某人有用;B. suits适合;C. favors 支 持;D. motivates 激 励。serve sb“对某人有用”符合句意。故A选项正确。
32.Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to ________ our school’s campaign “Help the Needy”, which was started by our former headmaster three years ago.
A.sponsor B.launch C.organize D.plan
【答案】A
【解析】
考查动词辨析。难度中等。
【解题思路】该句意为:两位律师捐赠了5,0000美元赞助我校“帮助贫困生”活动……
A项意为“赞助”,符合句意;B项意为“发射,开办”,C项意为“组织”,D项意为“计划”,都与句意不同。故A项正确。
33.—Why did you ______ the third paragraph of your rewritten composition?
—Because I thought it was off the point.
A.put out B.make out C.figure out D.leave out
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:——你为什么把重写的作文的第三段漏掉了?——因为我觉得这有点跑题了。A. put out扑灭;B. make out辨认出;C. figure out算出;D. leave out遗漏。根据Because I thought it was off the point.可知,此处指把作文的第三段漏掉了。故选D。
34.As the Internet is expanding day by day, the opportunities for crime ______ as well.
A.has B.is C.have D.are
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查谓语动词。句意:随着互联网的日益发展,犯罪的机会也越来越多。as well为固定短语,意为“也,同样”,作状语,分析句子成分可知,主句为省略句,承前省略了动词expanding,故只保留系动词,主语opportunities为复数,故填are,选D。
35.If the manufacturers had _______ the cars with faults in time, some accidents might have been avoided.
A.handed in B.taken in C.Put in D.called in
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果生产商及时召回那些有故障的车辆,一些事故本可以避免的。A. hand in上交;B. take in理解、欺骗、吸收;C. put in安装、插入、投入;D. call in召回、召集。根据some accidents might I been avoided.可知,是应该召回有故障的汽车,故选D项。
36.—However busy Mary is, she will________some time for exercise every day.
—No wonder she is always so energetic.
A.set aside B.put away C.work out D.pick up
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:——不管玛丽有多忙,她都会留出一些时间每天锻炼。——难怪她总是那么精力充沛。A. set aside留出;B. put away抛弃;C. work out解决,算出;D. pick up捡起。由“No wonder she is always so energetic.”可知,她总是那么精力充沛是因为管玛丽有多忙,她都会留出一些时间每天锻炼。故选A。
37.—I’d like to go to see the film with you, Dad.
—Sorry, my son, but only the grown-ups are ____ into the cinema.
A.required B.intended C.admitted D.supposed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:—爸爸,我想和你一起去看这部电影。—对不起,儿子,只有成人才被允许进电影院。A. required要求;B. intended打算,计划;C. admitted允许进入;D. supposed认为。根据句意可知,C项符合题意,be admitted into...“被允许进入……”故选C。
38.---How do you find the movie Nobodies released recently?
---It’s fantastic. What a huge box office hit on the first day!And it has been _____ ever since.
A.catching on B.pushing on
C.carrying on D.counting on
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词词组。A. catching on 理解,明白;变得流行 B. pushing on推进,推动; C. carrying on继续; D. counting on指望,依靠。句意:——你觉得最近上映的电影《无名小卒》怎么样?——棒极了。在第一天获得一个巨大的票房!一直流行至今。故选A。
39.By doing so, you can ________ more information and details about the topic, and better understand it.
A.keep up with B.do away with
C.have access to D.get down to
【答案】C
【解析】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:这样做,你可以了解关于这个主题更多的信息和细节,并且可以更好的理解它。have access to意为“接近,了解,使用”,C选项正确。keep up with跟上;do away with结束,消除;get down to着手处理。
40.Being an experienced lecturer, Mr. Black____ his speech to suit a younger audience.
A.simplified B.addressed
C.exchanged D.delivered
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:作为一个经验丰富的演讲者,布莱克先生简化他的演讲以适应年轻听众的需要。A. simplified简化;B. addressed称呼;C. exchanged交换;D. delivered递送。故选A。
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