大学英语六级模拟试卷468 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Writing 2. Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 3. Listening Comprehension 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 5. Cloze 8. Translation
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
1． Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Importance of Environmental Protection. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 人类面临的环境问题越来越多，如气候变化、环境污染、生态失衡等问题 2．但许多人仍然不懂得去保护环境 3．我的看法 On the Importance of Environmental Protection
正确答案： [1] We are faced with more and more environmental problems nowadays, such as climate change, environmental pollution, and ecological imbalance. These problems will ultimately do great harm to human beings. Serious as the situation is, many people
解析：本文标题是“沦环境保护的重要性”，所以尽管outline中提到环境恶化、很多人不注意环境保护等内容，但这些内容似乎都不应该作为重点，而只能是不可缺少的“引子”，作文论述的重点应该还是正面阐述“重要性”。 环境保护问题当然是“老生常谈”，但动笔具体写的时候，却让人为难，可能总是转不出“环境保护对人类的生存至关重要”这么一条理由。如何阐述理由，使这些理由相互关联却又截然不同，显得层次分明，是考生写作思路训练的重点。 Analysis [1] 第一段可以把outline中相应内容简要介绍一下。 [2] 前一句中的让步结构(serious as the situation is)运用巧妙，而这一句就给出主题句。 [3] [4] 关于环保的重要性，能够给出什么理由呢?这里只列了两条：环保可以拯救地球——我们生存的家园；只有环保才能让我们拥有健康生存所需要的资源。理由只列两条时，可以使用for one thing… for another的套话引出。注意，这里的两条理由之间没有重复交叉。如果举出四五条理由，只不过分别说环保使我们得到干净的水、空气、土壤、粮食等等，虽然不算错，但内容上是重复的，说服力就不够。 [5] 结尾段重复一遍主题是必要的，注意语言上要有变化。本文用到important，im portance，significant和vital等不同的词表示“重要”，所以语言就富有变化。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)Directions: In this
part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Electric Vehicles Are Charging Up The Automotive Industry Next time you’re filling up the cavernous fuel tank of the gas-gulping family jalopy, imagine getting 230 miles per gallon. Better yet, how about never buying another gallon of gas? After years of hope and hype, electron-powered driving finally appears to be on the verge of reality. In the next three years, at least a dozen pure electric or plug-in hybrid cars are slated to hit the market in the U. S. Electricity-driven vehicles from giants such as General Motors Co. and Nissan Motor Co., as well as start-ups like Fisker Automotive Inc. in Irvine, will provide consumers with a wide variety of choices. These new vehicles promise to combine blinding fuel efficiency, radical new technology and futuristic styling that makes the hybrid Toyota Prius look downright staid. Battery makers and automakers alike are tooling up factories to produce big volumes of electric vehicles. Meanwhile, power utilities and regulators are scrambling to figure out just how big the market will be. “This is happening and it’s happening soon,” said Mark Duvall, director of electric transportation at the Electric Power Research Institute, an independent, nonprofit research group. “By the end of 2011, consumers will have more choices in vehicles they can plug in than they currently do for hybrids. ‘ The electric vehicles will be arriving at a good time. With gasoline prices creeping up once again and federal regulations calling for huge fuel economy gains in the next half-decade, there’s increasing demand for cars that burn less fuel, make less noise and push automotive technology forward. In August, President Obama set a national goal o{ getting I million plug-in vehicles on the road by 2015. It took about twice as long to get a million hybrids rolling on U.S. streets and highways. But any new technology that involves high-voltage, exotic battery chemistries and 3,500-pound objects hurtling forward at high speed is bound to hit some potholes. Early adopters, experts say, will have to contend with charging infrastructure challenges and some pretty long waiting lists. And did we mention price? Even the least expensive electric or plug-in car will cost more than $25,000, and most will come in closer to twice that. “There will be some real challenges at first,” said Roland Hwang, vehicle policy director at the Natural Resources Defense Council. “These are going to cost more than conventional cars. The infrastructure is not going to take care of itself. These issues
will determine whether this is a trickle or a massive flood.” Restarting electrics Electric cars are hardly new. In fact, a century ago, around .the time of the dawn of the automobile, there were as many electric as gasoline-powered cars. But technological limitations eventually killed those early EV, and electric cars didn’t truly raise their heads again until the late 1990s. That’s when a smattering of electrics, including the much-lamented GM EV1, was made available in California as part of a government-mandated test program. Wildly popular among a select group of enthusiasts, they were officially declared unfeasible and unprofitable by automakers. Today, only a few hundred are still on the road, among them a Toyota RAV4 EV
driven by Paul Scott, co-founder of electric vehicle activist group Plug In America.
Nobody was happier than Scott when Tesla Motors Inc.. a San Carlos, Calif. , automaker, last year began selling its all-electric Roadster, a rocket of a two-seater that noiselessly goes from zero to 60 mph in less than four seconds. True, the Roadster costs $109,000. And it has a waiting list longer than Sunset Boulevard. But to people like Scott, its arrival signaled the coming of a new electric era. “This time electric cars are here to stay,” said Scott, who envisions charging cars using solar power, making them essentially cost-free to operate. Tesla and other nimble start-ups have helped jump-start the industry. Now big automakers are getting their electric programs in gear. That’s no minor development considering the titanic capital costs involved in developing high-volume-production vehicles. For Ford Motor Co. , better batteries were key. Previous technologies were just too heavy and inefficient, said Nancy Gioia, the automaker’s director of global electrification. “They weren’t ready for mass production,” she said.But in the last couple of years, huge improvements and new battery chemistries “opened the opportunity” for ambitious product plans, she said. Gioia predicts that as many as a quarter of new vehicles sold
by 2020 will be electrics, plug-in hybrids or traditional hybrids.Challenges ahead Yet even the fiercest electric advocates admit that battery reliability still has room for improvement. Arthur Krieger, a retired police officer in Los Angeles, drives a Prius powered by a relatively small nickel metal hydride battery to assist the gasoline engine. Tile battery needed replacement after nine years on the road. That’s when Krieger got a nasty surprise: A new one would cost more than $ 4,800. “That cost will wipe out the entire cost savings of having a hybrid in the first place.” Krieger said. The price would be even higher on an all-electric vehicle using the latest chemistry., lithium ion. Already widely used in cell phones, watches and laptops, those batteries have storage, charging and weight characteristics that make them superior to previous technologies—with premium prices to match. A replacement battery for a Tesla Roadster costs $ 30,000, and it can move the car only 200 or so miles before it needs to be recharged. That’s a 3.5-hour process on a high-powered charger, 30 hours on regular household current. Then there is the matter of exactly where to re-juice all those electrics. Some experts believe that public charging stations will be the best solution, either those put up by state and local governments or, perhaps, private for-profit companies. At present there is almost no such infrastructure. Building a nationwide network would cost tens of billions of dollars. That means most electric owners will be charging at home initially. Plugin hybrids, which primarily run on batteries but also have gasoline-powered engines to supplement range and power, can get by on standard household current. They’re ready to roll in five or six hours. All-electric cars, however, can take well over a day to charge unless owners invest thousands of dollars in home electrical upgrades. A rewarding experience For those willing (and able) to take the plunge, however, the rewards of owning electrified cars could include the financial kind. Thanks to a provision in last year’s $ 700-billion Wall Street bailout legislation, buyers of electric or plug-in hybrid cars can qualify for a tax credit of as much as $ 7,500. Routine maintenance could be a bargain too. Since these vehicles use simple electric motors rather than complex gasoline or diesel engines, as well as pared-down or in some cases nonexistent transmissions, they are
far easier to service than conventional vehicles. There’s no oil to change, no radiator to flush. There are other perks as well. In California, electric vehicles still qualify for special stickers that permit their drivers to travel solo in the state’s carpool lanes. The stickers expire in 2011, but lawmakers are considering extending the privilege until 2016. It’s unclear whether plug-in hybrids will qualify. With all the excitement brewing over electric vehicles, it’s easy to forget that 98~ of the cars sold in America still have traditional drive trains. Simply put, the gasoline engine isn’t going to disappear overnight. Even the most vociferous boosters of plug-in vehicles admit that the greater range and lower cost of internal combustion-powered cars and trucks mean they’ll dominate vehicle sales for at least another decade or two. And for some applications, like hauling a trailer over the Rockies, they may never go away.
2． From the first paragraph, we can know that electric vehicles ______ at present.
A．appear to be in the market. B．tend to replace fuel vehicles. C．offer a wide range of choices.
D．appear to be on the verge of success.
正确答案：D
解析：根据题干关键词first paragraph定位到原文第一段第三句：After years of hope and hype， electron-powered driving finally appears to be on the verge of reality．可知电动汽车现在似乎处于实现的边缘(on the verge of reality)，故选D项。
3． Which of the following is NOT probably a reason for electric vehicles’ “good time”?
A．Rising gasoline price. B．Fuel economy. C．Affordable price. D．Various choices.
正确答案：B 解析：根据题干关键词good time定位到原文第三段第一、二句：The electric vehicles will be arriving at a good time．With gasoline prices creeping up once again and federal regulations calling for huge fuel economy gains...，there’s increasing demand for cars that burn less fuel，make less
4． According to Roland Hwang, we can infer that ______.
A．The electric vehicles will take up the automotive market gradually. B．The electric vehicles will quit the automotive market gradually. C．The conventional car is better than the electric vehicles. D．The electric vehicles encounter some challenges.
正确答案：D
解析：根据题干关键词Roland Hwang定位到原文第四段倒数第三句：These are going to cost more than conventional cars．可知电能汽车价格是传统汽车的两倍，同时基础设施(infrastructure)不完善，所以电能汽车在发展中还有很多挑战，故选D项。
5． The early electric cars gradually disappeared because of______. A．gasoline-powered cars. B．technological restrictions. C．lacking government’s support. D．no profits and unfeasibility.
正确答案：B
解析：根据题干关键词early，electric cars定位到原文第一标题下第一段第三句；But technological limitations eventually killed those early EVs... 可知技术的限制最终导致了电动汽车逐渐退出市场，故选B项。
6． According to Ford Motor Co. , the crucial point for developing the latest electric cars is ______.
A．using solar power. B．finding better batteries.
C．attracting consumers’ attention. D．sharing automotive market.
正确答案：B
解析：根据题干关键词Ford Motor Co，crucial point定位到原第一标题下第四段第一句：... better batteries were key．可知性能更好的电池是研究电能汽车的关键所在，故选B项。
7． According to Arthur Krieger, we can learn that______. A．He would like to replace the old battery for new one. B．He would rather buy a new car than replace battery. C．He wants to use the latest battery.
D．He complains the high cost of replacing battery.
正确答案：D
解析：根据题干关键词Arthur Krieger定位到原文第二标题下第一段倒数第二句：That cost will wipe out the entire cost savings of having a hybrid in the first place... 可知Arthur Krieger在抱怨更换电池的费用高，故选D项。
8． There is no public charging stations because ______. A．Its building cost is pretty high.
B．People would like to charge at home.
C．It takes long time to finish the charging. D．Charge in public stations cost long time.
正确答案：A 解析：根据题干关键词public charging stations定位到原文第二标题下第三段第四句：Building a nationwide network would cost tens of billions of dollars．可知建立全国性的服务网花费太高，故选A项。
9． They needed to invest in ______ if the owners of all-electric cars wanted to reduce time to charge.
正确答案：home electrical upgrades
解析：根据题干关键词reduce time to charge定位到原文第二标题下最后一句；All-electric cars， however，can take well over a day to charge unless owners invest thousands of dollars in home electrical upgrades．可知电动车用户要花很长时间充电，除非投资数千美元升级家庭电力设施。故答案是home electrical upgrades。
10． The buyers of electric or plug-in hybrid cars can enjoy a sum of $ 7,500 in ______.
正确答案：tax credit 解析：根据题干关键词buyers，electric or plug-in hybrid cars定位到原文第三标题下第一段第二句：... buyers of electric or plug-in hybrid cars can qualify for a tax credit of as much as $7,500．可知电能汽车和混合动力汽车的消费者可以享受高达7500美元的税金免除。答案是tax credit。
11． The traditional vehicles exist for next 10 to 20 years because of ______.
正确答案：greater range and lower cost
解析：根据题干关键词traditional，10 to 20 years定位到原文第三标题下第二段第三句：... the greeter range and lower cost of internal combustion-powered cars and trucks mean they’ll dominate vehicle sales for at least another decade or two．可知传统的内燃动力汽车和卡车将会在未来的10到20年内继续主导交通工具的销量，因为种类很多．花费更低。题干中的traditional vehicles即句中的internal combustion-powered cars and trucks，由此可知答案是greater range and lower cost。
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.
听力原文：M: I am really impressed by this new jacket. It is cut out for you.W: Thank you! It is something that costs me an arm and a leg.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?
12．
A．The jacket was cut by the woman.
B．The jacket doesn’t fit the woman around arm and leg area. C．The jacket was designed by the woman.
D．The woman spent a lot of money on the jacket.
正确答案：D
解析：女士回答说，这件夹克花了她 an arm and a leg(耗资不菲，大出血)，故选 D项。
听力原文：M: I have been meaning to get my ears checked. I just haven’t got around to it yet.W: It’s not good to put this off for too long. Why don’t you call for an appointment right away?Q: What does the woman imply?
13．
A．The man should schedule an ear examination without delay. B．The man should do some listening practice. C．The women should order an appointment book.
D．The woman should make a list of what he needs to do.
正确答案：A
解析：女士认为这件事不应该拖太长时间，并建议男士尽快去做耳部检查，故选A项。
听力原文：W: The washing machine is more than 7 years old, and it worked just fine until last night. Now, I can’t get it to work.M: It might be time to invest in a more recent model.Q: What does the man mean?
14．
A．The woman should buy a famous brand.
B．The washing machine should have worked longer. C．The woman should consider buying a new one. D．The washing machine was not a good investment.
正确答案：C 解析：女士说洗衣机使用时间已经很长了，现在出了故障，无法再继续使用，男士建议女士再买一台最新款式的洗衣机，故选C项。
听力原文：M: We are going to have a picnic tomorrow morning, will you join us?W: I’d like to, but I have a tight schedule tomorrow, so please give me a rain check.Q: What does the woman mean?
15．
A．She is too busy with her work and can not go. B．She wants him to check whether it is going to rain. C．She will surely enjoy the picnic tomorrow. D．She wants the man to help her.
正确答案：A
解析：男士提出郊游邀请，女士告诉男士自己明天日程安排很紧，请给她a rain check(改天)，故选A项。
听力原文：M: I’d like you to come with me to the opening of the art exhibit.W: I’m completely exhausted, so you’ll have to manage without me tonight.Q: What will the woman probably do?
16．
A．She will go the exhibit with the man. B．She will stay at home and rest.
C．She will find out when the exhibit opens. D．She will help the man to prepare the exhibit.
正确答案：B 解析：男士询问女士能否一起参加艺术展览会开幕式，女士回答说自己太累，要男士自己一个人去。女士隐含的意思是需要在家休息，故选B项。
听力原文：M: If you are trying to fit this bookcase in here, you’ll have to turn your bed sideways.W: I guess you are right. But I hate to lose the view I have from my window.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?
17．
A．The man is painting a bookcase. B．The woman is choosing a new bed.
C．The woman is looking out of the window. D．The woman is rearranging her furniture.
正确答案：D
解析：男士说如果女士要把书橱放在那里的话，需要把床挪到一边，女士回答说不想看不到窗外的风景，因此推断女士和男士在谈论如何摆放书橱以及床的位置，故选D项。
听力原文：M: I hear you’re working as a market surveyor this summer. It’s going to be difficult asking the same questions everyday.W: Well, it is really challenging, but I can meet people in different fields every day and the pay is decent enough.Q: How does the woman find her job?
18．
A．The work is hard job with low salary. B．The job is easy work with good income. C．The job is challenging but rewarding.
D．The only good thing about the work is to meet new people.
正确答案：C
解析：男士认为女士的工作要求每天重复同样的问题，因此会很难做。女士认为自己的工作尽管具有挑战性，但是报酬不错，故选C项。
听力原文：M: The price of admission is 20 dollars a person. I simply can not afford that much for an art display.W: In fact, you can get a discounted price with your student ID.Q: Where is the conversation most probably taking place?
19．
A．At a concert.
B．At the campus canteen. C．In a supermarket.
D．At a museum entrance.
正确答案：D
解析：男士认为艺术展览的门票太贵，自己负担不起，女士建议他使用学生证，就可以享受门票折扣，可推知本对话发生在艺术展览馆的入口检票处，故选 D项。
听力原文：W: Oh, it is terrible! Abroad Aero lines Argentina’s flight 386. 386 passengers were given prepared food on their way (20)from Buenos Aires to Los Angeles.M: Then what happened?W:A few days after arriving in Los Angeles. (19)one passenger died, and 74 others were seriously ill.M: What is the reason for that?W: According to Dr. Phillips, it was the highest single outbreak of cholera in the United States this century, and the airline passengers were the victims of this new epidemic of cholera, a disease not seen in Latin America since 1895. they were just a few of the more than one million people affected in the 20th centuries, including at least 10,000 who died in the following three years after 1991.M: (19)Cholera? To the best of my understanding, that disease has been dead for some time now.W: (19)But it has come back. Dr. Phillips says that cholera is by no means the only old infections on the comeback, and it is just one of the major infections that are fighting back fiercely against man’s attempts to control them.M: (19)But what are the reasons for the comeback of so many dead diseases?W: Phillips says a single reason can’t explain why a new disease appears or an old one returns, and usually a combination of factors are involved. M: What kind of specific factors?W: In his book Plagues on Our Doorstep Dr. Phillips presents some reasons.M: What are they?W: First, (21) international travel and commerce. The cholera abroad flight 386 and mosquitoes living in imported tries are examples of these. Second, (21) technology and industry. For example, the technology in Britain’s processing industry was a likely contributor to the emergence of mad cow disease. Third, (21)the breakdown of public health measures. Declining health resources have resulted in the erosion of once highly-valued health service.M: Well, that’s just unbelievable!
20．
A．An air crash to Los Angeles. B．A book written by a doctor.
C．A disease on the comeback and its reasons D．Man’s effort to prevent disease.
正确答案：C
解析：对话开头两个人就一架386飞机上一名乘客死亡，另外74名乘客病重展开讨论．由此引出了谈话的主题．霍乱的卷土重来及其原因，故选C项。
21．
A．Buenos Airs. B．New York. C．San Francisco. D．New Orleans.
正确答案：A
解析：对话开始就提到386航班从布宜诺斯艾利斯飞往洛杉矶，故选A项。
22．
A．Breakdown of public health.
B．International travel and commerce. C．Man’s eating habits.
D．Processing methods of food.
正确答案：C
解析：对话最后一个回合具体展开讲述霍乱发生的原因，其中包括A“国际旅游和国际商务”，B“技术和工业”和D“公共卫生手段”的瓦解，但C项“人们的饮食习惯”未提及，故选C项。
听力原文：W: What are you working now?M: (19)I’ve just finished a piece of background music.W: Background music?M: Yes. (21)It’s supposed to influence your attitude, put you in the right mood.W: I’m not sure I like that idea.M: It seems to work. Factories use it a lot. (20) It makes the workers happy and work better that way. In one factory, music increased production 4.5%.W: I think they’d get tired of hearing music all day.M: They don’t. If the music stops, somebody always runs to the telephone to complain.W: I can’t remember when there wasn’t background music.M: Actually, it started during WWII when some factories had their own orchestras to keep workers happy and calm. Now the music is piped in by a machine, and different kinds of music are played at different times during the day. They play faster music at ten in the morning than at eight, because workers tend to be slower then.W: What about restaurants? Do they play the same music for dinner or lunch?M: I don’t know. But I know hamburger places play fast music because they found a customer spent
only seventeen minutes eating. The time was twenty-two minutes before that.W: (22)80 they have more people coming in and out to buy hamburgers.M: Exactly. (21)And that’s good for business. You can see why music has become so popular.W: There’s still something about it that I don’t quite like.M: I know what you mean, but lots of people would not agree with you. Companies pay millions of dollars every year for background music. Prisons use it, and farmers use it to keep their cattle calm. It’s even supposed to have an effect on plants.
23．
A．A player of background music.
B．A researcher on the function of background music. C．A composer of background music. D．A fan of background music.
正确答案：C
解析：由对话可知男士刚完成了一曲背景音乐，故选C项。
24．
A．It makes the workers excited.
B．It helps to reduce workers’ complaint.
C．It makes workers spend less time having their dinner. D．It might make the production increase.
正确答案：D
解析：由对话可知背景音乐使人快乐，可以更好地工作，有的公司因此提高了生产，故选D项。
25．
A．The history of background music. B．The function of background music. C．The way background music is played.
D．The popularity of background music among workers.
正确答案：B
解析：对话中多处提到了背景音乐的作用，故选B项。
26．
A．Fast music promotes the sale of hamburgers.
B．Background music is played in prisons to make prisoner educated. C．Background music is sometimes very boring to the workers. D．Background music is usually faster than any other music.
正确答案：A 解析：对话中女士提到节奏快的背景音乐使得人们吃汉堡的时间缩短，从而缩短了待在餐厅的时间，可以增大买汉堡的人流量，故选A项。
Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.
听力原文： Whale watching is a growing ecotourism industry around the world. It can be emotional, educational and an important part of local economies, offering a unique opportunity for people to appreciate the magnificence of whales in their natural habitat and to help motivate people to protect these animals and their environment. (26) Additionally, much of what scientists know about whales is a result
of research conducted while they are aboard commercial whale watching vessels. However, unregulated whale watching can also lead to problems, including threats to the animals’ well-being and negative impacts on fragile coastal environments. In addition to increasing numbers of whale watching vessels, in many parts of the world, newer boats are capable of going much faster than in the past, with the increasing likelihood that whales will be hit by boats. The faster a vessel moves, the less likely the operator is to see a distant whale, and the less time they have to react once they do spot an animal. (27)Also researchers have found that if whales are feeding or socializing, they are less likely to react to an oncoming vessel and can be hit. In response to this problem, whale watching groups, government agencies and private advocacy groups have established codes of conduct for whale watching. Under these rules, approaching an area of known whale activity should be done slowly and with caution, stopping to survey the area. (28)In addition, approach parallel to the whales and travel at the same speed as the slowest animals. Stay at least 100 meters away and don’t leapfrog into the path of the whales. Preferably, there should only be two vessels at a time viewing a group of whales.
27．
A．By research with commercial whale watching tour. B．By research with navy marine. C．By research with whaling hunting. D．By research with local fishermen.
正确答案：A 解析：短文提到，现在对鲸鱼的了解有很多事跟随商业观鲸船做研究的结果，故选A项。
28．
A．When they are feeding. B．When it is raining.
C．When they are sleeping.
D．When they are breathing the air.
正确答案：A
解析：短文提到，当鲸群在嬉戏或者在进食的时候，他们不会对过往的船只进行避让，更容易被撞伤，故选A项。
29．
A．Travel as fast as the head whale.
B．Keep 150 meters away from the whale.
C．At least two vessels should be watching in case of collision with whales. D．Travel as fast as the slowest whale.
正确答案：D
解析：短文最后一部分提到观鲸的准则，其中提到，要和速度最慢的鲸鱼保持同速，与鲸群保持100米的距离，并且最多只能有两条船可以同时观赏同一个鲸群，故选D项。
听力原文： Mary Katherine Goddard was the only woman who signed on the early copies of the Declaration of Independence. (29.) It was she, a Baltimore printer, who published the first official copies of the Declaration, the first copies that included the names of its signers and therefore announces the support of all thirteen colonies. Mary Goddard first got into printing at the age of twenty-four when her brother opened a printing shop in Providence, Rhode Island, in 1762. When he proceeded to get into trouble with his partners and creditors, it was Mary Goddard and her mother who were left to run the shop. In 1765 they began publishing the Providence Gazette, a weekly newspaper. Similar problems seemed to follow her brother as he opened businesses in Philadelphia and again in Baltimore. Each time Ms. Goddard was brought in to run the newspapers. After starting Baltimore’s first newspaper, The Maryland Journal, in 1773, her brother went broke trying to organize a colonial postal service. (30) While he was in debtor’s prison, Mary Katherine Goddard’s name appeared on the newspaper’s name plate for the first time. When the Continental Congress fled there from Philadelphia in 1776, it commissioned Ms. Goddard to print the first official version of the Declaration of Independence in January 1777. After printing the documents, she herself paid the post riders to deliver the Declaration throughout the colonies. During the American Revolution, Mary Goddard continued to publish Baltimore’s only newspaper, which one historian claimed was “second to none among the colonies”. She was also the city’s postmaster from 1775 to 1789—appointed by Benjamin Franklin—and is considered to-be the first woman to hold a federal position.
30．
A．Because she was the first women working in newspaper business. B．Because she published the early documents.
C．Because she was one of the representatives from Rhode Island colony.
D．Because she herself delivered the copies of Declaration throughout the colonies.
正确答案：B
解析：短文提到，在《独立宣言》的早期印本上能看到Mary Katherine Goddard的名字，因为是她出版了第一批正式的《独立宣言》印本。故选B项。
31．
A．After the Continental Congress’ commission to print the Declaration. B．After her brother went broke and into prison.
C．After appointed by Benjamin Franklin as the city’s postmaster. D．After she set up the first Baltimore newspaper.
正确答案：B
解析：短文提到Mary Katherine Goddard的兄弟破产后进了监狱，她的名字才第一次出现在报纸的领导人位置，故选 B项。
32．
A．how the Declaration came out.
B．The development of early newspaper in America.
C．The achievement of Mary Katherine Goddard as a publisher. D．The early publishing business in America.
正确答案：C
解析：短文主要以《独立宣言》为引子，引出了Mary Katherine Goddard在出版行业的经历，故选C项。
听力原文： As the twentieth century began, the importance of formal education in the United States increased The arrival of (26) a great wave of southern and eastern European immigrants at the turn of the century coincided with and contributed to an enormous expansion of formal schooling. (27) By 1920 schooling to age fourteen or beyond was compulsory in most states, and the school year was greatly lengthened Kindergartens, vocation schools, extracurricular activities, and vocational education and counseling extended the influence of public schools over the lives of students, many of whom in the larger industrial cities were the children of immigrants. ( 28 ) Reformers early in the twentieth century suggested that education programs should suit the needs of specific populations. Immigrant women were one such population. Schools tried to educate young women so they could occupy productive places in the urban industrial economy, and one place many educators considered appropriate for women was the home. Although looking after the house and family was familiar to immigrant women. American education gave homemaking a new definition. In preindustrial economies, homemaking had meant the production as well as the consumption of goods, and it commonly included income-producing activities both inside and outside the home, (29) in the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States, however, overproduction rather than scarcity was becoming a problem. Thus, the ideal American homemaker was viewed as A consumer rather than a producer. Schools
trained women to be consumer homemakers, cooking, shopping, decorating, and caring for children “efficiently” in their own homes, or if economic necessity demanded, as employees in the homes of others.
33．
A．Reformers’ suggestions.
B．The coming of a large population from Europe. C．The expansion of industrial cities.
D．The requirement of specific populations.
正确答案：B 解析：短文提到，来自南欧和东欧的大量移民对于正规教学的大规模扩张起着很大作用。故选B项。
34．
A．Women and men studied in the same classes.
B．The amount of time spent on formal education was limited. C．New regulations were imposed on nontraditional education. D．Most places required children to attend school.
正确答案：D
解析：短文提到，到1920年，在大多数州14岁(或超过14岁)以下的教育是强制性的。故选D项。
35．
A．Different groups needed different kinds of education. B．Special programs should be set up to modernize students. C．Women should stay at home.
D．More women should be involved in education and industry.
正确答案：A
解析：短文提到，20世纪早期的改革家建议教育应该与特殊人群的需要相符。故选A项。
36．
A．More goods were produced than needed. B．Less goods were produced than needed.
C．Immigrant women couldn’t enjoy the right of educational. D．Immigrant women raised a lot of children.
正确答案：A
解析：短文提到，在20世纪早期，工业高度发达，物资短缺的问题正在被物资过剩的问题取代。故A项正确。
Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When
the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the
Most of the career choices in today’s world are not personal choices at all, but people are held 【B1】______ by salaries, family and peer【B2】______ etc. Most of us take up jobs or careers followed by a【B3】______ , even though we are not【B4】______ about the work that we are going to do. This is not【B5】______ or does not make any sense to me at all. We are rather eager to work almost 9 to 12 hours at a place that does not【B6】______ us or the work we are not interested in. It is time for us to pull up our socks and make the correct career choices that will【B7】______ a passion to live life to the【B8】______ 【B9】______ , especially in your career. To achieve something in life you must possess the desire and the passion to live it.【B10】______ . You have to break down all barriers of paychecks, family and peer pressures, comfort zones, conveniences and start dreaming about the kind of career you want to pursue. This will surely make some people around you unhappy, but【B11】______ .
37． 【B1】
正确答案：hostage
解析：hostage意为“人质”。由空格前的held判断此处缺少名词。
38． 【B2】
正确答案：pressure
解析：pressure意为“压力”。空格前有名词修饰语peer，可见此处可能填名词。
39． 【B3】
正确答案：paycheck
解析：paycheck意为“薪水”。根据空前面的冠词a，可以判断此处所填的词为名词。
40． 【B4】
正确答案：passionate
解析：passionate意为“充满激情的”。根据空前面系动词be及后面的介词about，可以判断此处所填的词为形容词。
41． 【B5】
正确答案：logical
解析：logical意为“符合逻辑的”。根据空前面系动词be，可以判断此处所填的词为形容词。
42． 【B6】
正确答案：motivate
解析：motivate意为“激发”。根据空前面助动词does，可以判断此处所填的词为动词。
43． 【B7】
正确答案：stimulate
解析：stimulate意为“激励”。根据空前面助动词does，可以判断此处所填的词为动词。
44． 【B8】
正确答案：maximum
解析：maximum意为“最大的量”。由空前的冠词the，可判断此处为名词。
45． 【B9】
正确答案：Evaluation，genuineness and practicality is all it would take to make the correct choices in life
解析：生活中的评价，真诚度和实用性足以让我们做出正确的选择
46． 【B10】
正确答案：It’s time to free up your mind from all kinds of blockages that stands between you and your dream career
解析：现在是时候把你的思想从各种阻挠你追求梦想职业的禁锢中解放出来了
47． 【B11】
正确答案：it will surely free you from the misery of living the life that you fear 解析：这一定会将你从令你理想的悲惨生活中解脱出来
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or
incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Japanese firms have achieved the highest levels of manufacturing efficiency in the world auto mobile industry. Some observers of Japan have assumed that Japanese firms use the same manufacturing equipment and techniques as United States firms but have benefited from the unique characteristics of Japanese employees and the Japanese culture. However, if this were true, then one would expect Japanese auto plants in the United States to perform no better than factories run by United States companies. This is not the case. Japanese-run automobile plants located in the United States and staffed by local workers have demonstrated higher levels of productivity when compared with factories owned by United States companies. Other observers link high Japanese productivity to higher levels of capital investment per worker. But a historical perspective leads to a different conclusion. When the two top Japanese automobile makers matched and then doubled United States productivity levels in the mid-sixties, capital investment per employee was comparable to that of United States firms. Furthermore, by the late seventies, the amount of fixed assets required to produce one vehicle was roughly equivalent in Japan and in the United States. Since capital investment was not higher in Japan, it had to be other factors that led to higher productivity. A more fruitful explanation may lie with Japanese production techniques. Japanese automobile producers did not simply implement conventional processes more effectively; they made critical change in United States procedures. For instance, the mass-production philosophy of United States automakers encouraged the production of huge lots of cars in order to utilize fully expensive, component-specific equipment and to occupy fully workers who have been trained to execute one operation efficiently. Japanese automakers chose to make small-lot production feasible by introducing several departures from United States practices, including the use of flexible equipment that could be altered easily to do several different production tasks and the training of workers in multiple jobs. Automakers could schedule the production of different components or models on single machines, thereby eliminating the need to store the spare stocks of extra components that result when specialized equipment and workers are kept constantly active.
48． According to some observers, the unique characteristics of Japanese employees and the Japanese culture enhanced ______ of the Japanese firms.
正确答案：the (level of)manufacturing efficient
解析：首段的首句是果，第2句是因，因而此题的答案要在首句找。日本雇员和日本文化的独有特征(即题干中的主语)使公司受益，受益的结果是使日本公司的“生产率”生产率在全世界同行中最高，故填the level of manufacturing efficiency。
49． The historical perspective shows that the level of capital investment per work has nothing to do with ______.
正确答案：the high Japanese productivity
解析：第2段第2句指出从历史的角度去看，两者之间的关系并不存在。首句则说明“两者的关系”是“日本工厂的生产率高”和“每个工人的资本投资水平”之间的关系。题干已提到了“每个工人的资本投资水平”，因此需要填写的应该是“日本工厂的生产率高”，即the high Japanese productivity。
50． When did the two top Japanese automobile makers begin to be twice as productive as the counterparts in the United States?
正确答案：In the mid-sixties
解析：[解析]题干是对该句的时间状语从句的同义词改写，对比两者可发现原文提到的时间in he mid-sixties为答案。
51． In the mass-production philosophy, workers are usually trained to ______.
正确答案：execute one operation efficiently
解析：根据该句中workers后的定语从句可知本题答案应为原文trained to后的execute one operation efficiently。
52． The spare stocks of extra components have to be stored when ______ is used.
正确答案：specialized equipment
解析：末段末句中when引出的时间状语从句表明了在什么条件下需要储存部件作为备用件，文中提到的两个条件，只有前一个条件，即specialized equipment，可以成为空白处后的单数动词is used的主语，因此specialized equipment为本题答案。
Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess (公爵夫人) of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue. The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently I have been on a diet for the better—or worse—part of my life. Being rich wouldn’t be bad either but that won’t happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land leaving me millions of dollars. Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing if not repellent? All religions have certain days when people
refrain from eating and excessive eating is one of Christianity’s seven deadly sins. However until quite recently most people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, wealth was symbol of probable salvation and high morals and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being. Today the opposite is true. We have shifted to thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result is that being fat—or even only somewhat overweight—is bad because it implies a lack of moral strength. Our obsession (迷恋) with thinness is also fuelled by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before and that in many cases being overweight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases however may have as much to do with our way of life an dour high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem—too much fat and a lack of fiber-than a weight problem. The real concern then is not that we weight too much but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well. Exercise is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balance diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop paying so much attention to weight. Simply being thin is not enough? It is actually hazardous if those who get or already are thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free from paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vainglory (虚荣).
53． In the eyes of the author an odd phenomenon nowadays is that ________. A．the Duchess of Windsor is regarded as a woman of virtue B．looking slim is a symbol of having a large fortune C．being thin is viewed as a much desired quality D．religious people are not necessarily virtuous
正确答案：C 解析：根据题干关键词odd定位到原文第一段第三句；Being thin is deemed as such a virtue．以及第四段第二句：We have shifted to thinness as our new mark of virtue。可知瘦被认为是一种美德，我们把瘦作为美德的新标志。故选C项。
54． Swept by the prevailing trend, the author ______. A．had to go on a diet for the greater part of her life B．could still prevent herself from going off the track C．had to seek help from rich distant relatives D．had to wear highly fashionable clothes
正确答案：A
解析：根据题干关键词swept定位到第二段前三句：The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it．I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes．Consequently I have been on a diet for the better-or worse-part of my life．可知有些人追随以瘦为美的潮
55． In human history people’s views on weight ______. A．were closely related to their religious beliefs B．changed from time to time
C．varied between the poor and the rich D．led to different moral standards
正确答案：B
解析：根据题干关键词history定位到第三段末句：In some religious groups... fatness a sign of wealth and well-being．和第四段第二句：We have shifted to thinness as our new mark of virtue．可知在一些宗教团体中，肥胖是财富和健康的象征，而我们现在已把瘦当作美德的新标准。由此推断，人们对体重的观点不断变化。故选B项。
56． The author criticizes women’s obsession with thinness______. A．from an economic and educational perspective B．from sociological and medical points of view C．from a historical and religious standpoint D．in the light of moral principles
正确答案：B 解析：根据题干关键词criticizes定位到第四段第三句：The result is that being fat—or even only somewhat overweight—is bad because it implies a lack of moral strength．本句是社会学观点上的批评；而第五段首句：Our obsession with thinness is also fuelled by health concerns．是医学健康上的批评。故选B项。
57． What’s the author’s advice to women who are absorbed in the idea of thinness?
A．They should be more concerned with their overall lifestyle. B．They should be more watchful for fatal diseases. C．They should gain weight to look healthy.
D．They should rid themselves of fantasies about designer clothes.
正确答案：A
解析：根据题干关键词advice定位到文章最后两句It is actually hazardous if those who get or already are thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free from paying attention to their overall life-style． Thinness can be pure vainglory．可知作者认为如果那些想变瘦或已经变瘦的人想当然的认为自己很健康，并且不注意整
Public speaking fills most people with dread. Humiliation is the greatest fear~ self-exposure and failing to appeal to the audience come a close second. Women hate it most, since girls are pressurized from an early age to be concerned with appearances of all kinds. Most people have plenty of insecurities, and this seems like a situation that will bring them out. If you were under pressure to be perfect, you
are terrified of falling in the most public of ways. While extroverts will feel less fear before the ordeal, it does not mean they will necessarily do it better. Some very shy people manage to shine. When I met the British comedian Julian Clary, he was shy and cautious, yet his TV performances are perfect. In fact, personality is not the best predictor of who does it well. Regardless of what you are like in real life, the key seems to be to act yourself. Actual acting, as in performing the scripted lines of a character other than yourself, does not do the job. While politicians may limit damage by having carefully rehearsed, written scripts to speak from, there is always a hidden awareness among the audience that the words might not be true. Likewise, the incredibly perfect speeches of many American academics are far from natural. You may end up buying their book on the way out, but soon afterwards, it is much like fast food, and you get a nameless sense that you’ve been cheated. Although, as Earl Spencer proved at his sister Princess Diana’s funeral, it is possible both to prepare every word and to act naturally. A script rarely works and it is used to help most speakers. But, being yourself doesn’t work either. If you spoke as if you were in your own kitchen, it would be too authentic, too unaware of the need to communicate with an audience. I remember going to see British psychiatrist R. D. Laing speak in public. He behaved like a seriously odd person, talking off the top of his head. Although he was talking about madness and he wrote on mental illness, he seemed to be exhibiting rather than explaining it. The best psychological place from which to speak is an unself-conscious self-consciousness, providing the illusion of being natural. Studies suggest that this state of “flow”, as psychologists call it, is very satisfying.
58． Women hate public speaking most mainly because of ________. A．their upbringing very early on
B．their inability to appeal to the audience C．their sense of greater public pressure D．their sense of greater humiliation
正确答案：C
解析：根据题干关键词women hate、most定位到第一段末句：Women hate it most，since girls are pressurized from an early age to be concerned with appearances of all kinds．可知女性不喜欢公共演讲，因为她们从很小便一直备受担心外在形象的各种压力。题干中的because of与句中的since都表达原因，故选C项。
59． Which of the following is NOT the author’s viewpoint? A．Acting like performers spoils the message in a speech.
B．Perfection of scripts is necessary in making good impressions. C．Acting naturally means less dependence on the prepared script.
D．There should be a balance between actual acting and acting naturally.
正确答案：B
解析：根据选项B关键词Perfection，scripts分别定位于第五段第二句：While politicians may limit damage by having carefully rehearsed，written scripts to speak from，there is always a hidden awareness among the audience that the words might not be true．和第六段：Likewise，the incredibly perfec
60． What is the author’s view on personality?
A．Personality is the key to success in public speaking. B．Extroverts are better public speakers.
C．Introverts have to learn harder to be good speakers.
D．Factors other than personality ensure better performance.
正确答案：D 解析：根据题干关键词personality定位到第四段：In fact，personality is not the best predictor of who does it well．Regardless of what you are like in real life，the key seems to be to act yourself．可知人的性格并非做好演讲的最好标准，关键在于其他因素，故选D项。
61． The author implies that while speaking R.DLaing ________. A．was both too casual and authentic B．was acting like a performer C．was keeping a good balance D．was aware of his audience
正确答案：B
解析：根据题干关键词R． D．Laing定位到倒数第2段最末两句：He behaved like a seriously odd person，talking off the top of his head．Although he was talking about madness and he wrote on mental illness， he seemed to be exhibiting rather than explaining it.可知Laing在即兴发言时，就像在表演展示而非对他的文章进行解释
62． In the last paragraph the author recommends that ________. A．you forget about your nervousness B．you feel natural and speak naturally
C．you may feel nervous, but appear naturally D．you may imagine yourself to be natural
正确答案：D
解析：根据题干定位到末段首句：The best psychological place from which to speak is an unself-conscious self-consciousness，providing the illusion of being natural．可知演讲时给人自然的感觉，D项中 imagine为句中illusion的同义转述。
Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should
choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.
Agriculture is undoubtedly the most important sector in the economies of most non-oil exporting African countries. It【C1】______ about 30% of Africa’s GDP and contributes【C2】______ 50% of the total export value,【C3】______ 70% of the continent’s population depending on the sector for their【C4】______ . Production is subsistence in nature with a high【C5】______ on the rain. The debate on climate change and its impacts on agriculture is【C6】______ very crucial to the very survival of the continent and its people. The continent is particularly【C7】______ to climate change because it includes some of the world’s poorest nations. The climate in Africa is【C8】______ tropical in nature, which is broadly【C9】______ into three main climatic zones:【C10】______ equatorial, dry, and temperate(温带). Within these zones, altitude and other localized【C11】______ also produce distinctive regional climates. Climate change,【C12】______ indicated by prolonged drought is one of the most serious climatic【C13】______ affecting the agricultural sector of the continent. As most of the agriculture activities in African countries hinges on rain fed, any adverse changes in the climate would likely have a【C14】______ effect on the sector in the region. 【C15】______ changes in the climate may affect the whole continent, its【C16】______ may vary across the continent. In northeast Africa, more intense dry periods and shorter wet seasons are expected to affect even huge river systems such as the Blue Nile, leading to serious water shortages and【C17】______ consequences to the agriculture and forestry sectors throughout the region. East and Central Africa will also see its agricultural【C18】______ decline. Coastal areas may also be affected by rising sea levels and intrusion of salt water into inland freshwater resources. The staple food for the region, maize, is particularly susceptible to drought. Wetlands of international importance and wildlife are also under threat from【C19】______ in Southern Africa. Climate change, therefore, is expected to worsen the food supply,【C20】______ , exacerbate the widespread poverty in the region.
63． 【C1】 A．constitutes B．institutes C．command D．compose
正确答案：A
解析：动词辨义题。本处意思是：农业构成了非洲GDP的30%。故选A constitute of“构成”。
64． 【C2】 A．to
B．approximately C．with
D．in
正确答案：B
解析：介词辨义题。本处意思是：农业为总出口量贡献了大约50%。故选approximately“大约”。
65． 【C3】 A．about B．with C．for D．since
正确答案：B
解析：语法考查题。根据前后文及动名词depending可知此处是with引导的独立结构。
66． 【C4】 A．work B．livelihood C．jobs D．family
正确答案：B 解析：介词辨义题。本处意思是：非洲大陆70%的人口依赖这一产业为生．故选livelihood“生计、营生”。
67． 【C5】 A．rely B．effect
C．dependence D．emphasis
正确答案：C
解析：逻辑衔接题。本处意思是：农业生产是原生态的，对降雨有着高度的依赖性。故选C项。
68． 【C6】 A．sure B．much C．such D．therefore
正确答案：D
解析：副词辨义题．本处意思是：关于气候变化及其对农业影响的争论因此
对于非洲大陆及其人民的生存至关重要。本句与上文是因果关系．故选therefore。
69． 【C7】 A．subsidiary B．subjective C．susceptible D．subdued
正确答案：C
解析：形容词辨义题。本处意思是：非洲大陆对于气候变化尤其敏感．因为它包括一些世界上最贫穷的国家。故选C susceptible“敏感的，易受…影响的”。
70． 【C8】 A．totally
B．predominantly C．main
D．absolutely
正确答案：B
解析：逻辑衔接题．本处意思是：非洲的气候主要是热带气候．故选B predominantly“主要地”。
71． 【C9】 A．classified B．taken C．multiplied D．distinguished
正确答案：A
解析：逻辑衔接题。本处意思是：气候宽泛地划分为三个主要的气候带．故选A classified“分类”。
72． 【C10】 A．dry B．warm C．humid D．wet
正确答案：C
解析：逻辑衔接题。本处意思是：三个地带是潮湿赤道带、干旱带及温带。故选C humid“潮湿的”。
73． 【C11】 A．changes
B．difference C．variables D．variation
正确答案：C
解析：名词辨义题。本处意思是：在这些温度带中，海拔和地区变量也会产生独特的地区气候．所以选择C variables“变量”。
74． 【C12】 A．partially B．specially C．mostly D．especially
正确答案：D
解析：逻辑衔接题．本处意思是：气候变化，尤其是持续的干旱是最严重的气候灾害之一。故选D especially“尤其”。
75． 【C13】 A．sign B．hazards C．signal D．danger
正确答案：B
解析：名词辨义题。本处意思是：气候变化，尤其是持续的干旱是最严重的气候灾害之一。故选B hazards“危险”。
76． 【C14】 A．beneficial B．profitable C．devastating D．deadly
正确答案：C
解析：形容词辨义题。本处意思是：任何不利的气候变化都会对该地区的农业有灾难性的影响。故选C devastating“破坏性的，灾难性的”。
77． 【C15】 A．Since B．Even C．Though D．If
正确答案：C 解析：逻辑衔接题。本处意思是：尽管气候变化会影响整个大陆，但是它的…在整个大陆是不同的。故选C though“尽管”。
78． 【C16】 A．distribution B．scope C．distance D．score
正确答案：A
解析：名词辨义题。本处意思是；尽管气候变化会影响整个大陆，但是它的分布在整个大陆是不同的。故选A distribution“分布”。
79． 【C17】 A．advantageous B．adverse C．favorable D．undeniable
正确答案：B
解析：语义衔接题。本处意思是：导致缺水并对局部地区的农业及林业造成不利后果。故选B adverse“不利的”。
80． 【C18】 A．production B．technology C．capacity D．ability
正确答案：C
解析：名词辨义题。本处意思是：东非和中非也会发现农业生产能力下降。故选C capacity“生产能力”。
81． 【C19】 A．rain B．drought C．wind D．flood
正确答案：B
解析：逻辑衔接题。根据上文“地区主食——玉米对干旱特别敏感”及本句“重要的国际湿地及野生动物也(also)受到来自______的威胁”，由also可知此处应选B drought干旱。
82． 【C20】 A．and B．then C．hence D．but
正确答案：C
解析：逻辑衔接题。本处意思是：气候变化会使食物供应状况恶化。因此加剧贫困。故选C hence“因此”。
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences in the blanks by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
83． Our boss will be satisfied,___________________________ (只要你说服他改变主意).
正确答案：as long as you can talk him into changing his mind
解析：①考查状语从句，句中as long as引导条件状语从句。②“说服某人做某事”可译作talk sb into sth./ doing sth．或persuade sb to do sth.。
84． In Professor Blake’s class, we are made____________________________ (把学到的东西应用于实践).
正确答案：to apply what we have learned to practice
解析：①考查不定式结构，动词make用于被动语态时，不定式要保留to。②apply sth．to sth.意为“将某事应用于……”，此句也可译作put what we have learned into practice。③“学到的东西”可译成定语从句。
85． The aim is to make education available to everyone，__________________(不论其经济状况如何).
正确答案：regardless of his or her financial situation
解析：①待译部分不是句子主干，可用介词短语带出。“不论……”可译作regardless of。②考查不定代词everyone的指代，故翻译时用his or her。
86． Everyone in the front seat is _______________________ (应该系好安全带).
正确答案：supposed to wear a seat belt
解析：①考查be supposed to do sth.结构，由题干中的is可知，此处“应该”应译作be supposed to do，不能用 should。②“系安全带”，译作wear a seat belt，为固定短语。
87． With a broken heart, Molly saw her__________________________(吸毒成瘾的儿子被带上警车).
正确答案：drug-addicted son sent into the police car
解析：①考查“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。其中动词一般是感官动词或使役动词，如see，hear，have等。②此结构中的宾语补足语可以为省略to的不定式、现在分词、过去分词或形容词等，具体用法与前面的动词和句意有关。此处“被带上”用过去分词。③“吸毒成瘾的”译作drug-addicted。
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